Artemisinin

Artemisinin

Basic Information

CAS No.: 63968-64-9
Molecular Formula: C15H22O5
Molecular Weight: 282.33

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product description
Artemisinin is an antimalarial agent with anticancer activity. It is an iron(II) oxide-reactive endoperoxide that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon cleavage of its endoperoxide bridge. It reduces the growth of various P. falciparum strains in vitro (IC50s = 3.98-20.36 nM) and reduces parasitemia in mice infected with P. falciparum with a curative dose (CD50) value of 140 mg/kg. It also reduces P. berghei infection in mice (ED50 = 5.6 mg/kg per day).


Chemical Properties

PropertyValue

Melting point

156-157 °C (lit.)

Alpha

76 º (c=0.5,MeOH)

Boiling point

344.94°C (rough estimate)

Density

1.0984 (rough estimate)

Refractive index

75 ° (C=0.5, MeOH)

Storage temp.

-20°C

Solubility

Soluble to 100mM in DMSO and to 75mM in ethanol

Form

White to off-white crystalline solid.

Color

Needles

Optical Rotation

[α]20/D +76°, c = 0.5 in methanol

Merck

14,817

Stability

Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides. May absorb, and react with, carbon dioxide from the air.

InChI

InChI=1S/C15H22O5/c1-8-4-5-11-9(2)12(16)17-13-15(11)10(8)6-7-14(3,18-13)19-20-15/h8-11,13H,4-7H2,1-3H3/t8-,9-,10+,11+,13-,14-,15-/m1/s1

InChIKey

BLUAFEHZUWYNDE-NNWCWBAJSA-N

SMILES

O1[C@]23[C@@]4([H])O[C@@](C)(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@H](C)CC[C@@]3([H])[C@@H](C)C(=O)O4)O1

LogP

2.900


Safety Information

PropertyProperty

Safety Statements

22-24/25

WGK Germany

2

RTECS

KD4170000

HS Code

29322985

Toxicity

LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 5105 orally; 2800 i.m.; 1558 i.p. (Koch); LD50 in mice, rats (mg/kg): 4228, 5576 orally; 3840, 2571 i.m. (China Cooperative Research Group on Qinghaosu)


Product Usage

Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from the sweet wormwood plant (Artemisia annua), is globally recognized as the most effective treatment for malaria. Its primary application is in the pharmaceutical industry, where it serves as the core active ingredient in Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs), the World Health Organization's gold standard for treating multi-drug resistant malaria. Beyond its antimalarial role, it is increasingly utilized in biomedical research for its promising anti-tumor activities, specifically its ability to induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. In the nutraceutical sector, artemisinin is featured in specialized dietary supplements aimed at supporting immune function and addressing parasitic imbalances. Furthermore, it acts as a critical chemical precursor for the semi-synthesis of potent derivatives like artemether and artesunate, which offer improved solubility and bioavailability for clinical use.

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